East Africa(UN: Eastern Africa)

Ethiopia
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
An ancient state that adopted Christianity in the 4th century, defeated an Italian invasion in 1896, and remained independent through the Scramble for Africa apart from a five-year occupation.
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Ethiopia in pictures
Flag, landscapes, landmarks and wildlife you can meet in the games. Photographs come from each subject’s Wikipedia article.

Flag
Flag of Ethiopia
National flag
- Simien Mountains
Landscape
Simien Mountains
A real place in Ethiopia
- Rock churches of Lalibela
Landmark
Rock churches of Lalibela
Eleven churches carved downwards out of solid rock in the 12th century.
- Obelisks of Aksum
Landmark
Obelisks of Aksum
Giant carved stone pillars from an empire that traded with Rome and India.
- Simien Mountains
Landmark
Simien Mountains
Gelada monkeys graze the plateau in troops hundreds strong.
- Harar Jugol walls
Landmark
Harar Jugol walls
82 mosques inside one wall — and hyenas fed by hand at the gates.
- Erta Ale lava lake
Landmark
Erta Ale lava lake
One of only a handful of permanent lava lakes in the world.
- Gelada
Wildlife
Gelada
The only monkey that lives almost entirely on grass.
- Vervet monkey
Wildlife
Vervet monkey
It has different alarm calls for eagle, snake and leopard.
- Spotted hyena
Wildlife
Spotted hyena
Clans are led by females, and hyenas hunt far more than they scavenge.
- Olive baboon
Wildlife
Olive baboon
Troops of over a hundred travel together with the babies in the middle.
- Greater kudu
Wildlife
Greater kudu
Its spiral horns make two and a half full turns.
- Black-and-white colobus
Wildlife
Black-and-white colobus
It has no thumb, which helps it swing cleanly through the branches.
- Rüppell's vulture
Wildlife
Rüppell's vulture
The highest-flying bird ever recorded — 11,000 metres up.
- Walia ibex
Wildlife
Walia ibex
It lives only on the Simien escarpment, on ledges a few centimetres wide.
- Ethiopian wolf
Wildlife
Ethiopian wolf
Africa's rarest carnivore — about 500 left, all in one country.
- Grévy's zebra
Wildlife
Grévy's zebra
The biggest wild horse in the world, with round ears like a mule.
- Gerenuk
Wildlife
Gerenuk
Its name means 'giraffe-necked' in Somali.
- Great white pelican
Wildlife
Great white pelican
Groups fish together, herding shoals into the shallows.
- African civet
Wildlife
African civet
It marks its trails with a scent once used to make perfume.
- Cape porcupine
Wildlife
Cape porcupine
Africa's largest rodent — its quills are hollow and rattle in warning.
- Rock hyrax
Wildlife
Rock hyrax
It looks like a guinea pig, but its closest relative is the elephant.
- Addis Ababa
City
Addis Ababa
Capital of Ethiopia
Capital
Addis Ababa
Population
135,472,051
World Bank, 2025
Area
1,104,300 km²
Currency
Ethiopian birr
GDP per person
$933
Current US$, 2025
Life expectancy
67.6 yrs
World Bank, 2024
Urban population
24.1%
UN member
Yes
Quick facts
Did you know?
Adwa was the first decisive defeat of a European army by an African state in the colonial era.
The Ethiopian calendar runs about seven to eight years behind the Gregorian one.
Your route
Where to start with Ethiopia
Every chapter above begins with the essentials and then lets you keep going deeper — four levels of depth, or your own question, researched from this country's reference data and our sourced library.
Go deeper: Orientation of Ethiopia
Researched live from this country's reference data and our library. Keep pressing to go further, or ask your own question.
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Reference figures come from the World Bank Open Data API and the ISO 3166 country dataset, each shown with its year. Historical and cultural text is written by our editors and marks contested dating where scholars disagree. The "go deeper" chapters are generated live by Africa AI from that same reference data and our sourced library — check them before quoting. Borders shown are for orientation and do not imply a position on any dispute.