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Horn of Africa

Somali

Af-Soomaali

A Cushitic language with one of the world's great oral poetry traditions — Somali only received an official Latin orthography in 1972, and mass literacy followed within years.

Family
Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic)
Script
Latin (since 1972)
Speakers
~22 million speakers
Spoken in
Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya

The course

Five units, one word at a time

0/5 mastered

Unit 1

Greetings

Greetings ask after health, family and livestock, in that order.

  • Iska warran Hello / what's the news?
  • Nabad Peace / fine
  • Sidee tahay? How are you?
  • Mahadsanid Thank you
  • Nabadgelyo Goodbye (go in peace)
  • Soo dhawow Welcome

Unit 2

People and family

Names, kin and the people around you.

  • Hooyo Mother
  • Aabbe Father
  • Ilmo Child
  • Saaxiib Friend
  • Qof Person
  • Naag Woman

Unit 3

Numbers one to ten

Counting in Somali.

  • Kow One
  • Laba Two
  • Saddex Three
  • Afar Four
  • Shan Five
  • Toban Ten

Unit 4

Food and the market

Tea, camel milk and the price of things.

  • Biyo Water
  • Cunto Food
  • Suuq Market
  • Immisa? How much?
  • Waan rabaa I want
  • Waa qaali It is expensive

Unit 5

Everyday phrases

Getting by, politely.

  • Haa Yes
  • Maya No
  • Fadlan Please
  • Xagee? Where?
  • Ma fahmin I don't understand
  • Raali ahow Excuse me / forgive me

How to sound right

  • Doubled vowels are long and change meaning: 'ma' and 'maa' are different words.
  • x is a deep h from the throat, c is a voiced throat sound (ayin), q is a hard k made far back.
  • Somali is tonal in a limited way — tone marks gender and number on nouns.

The audio button in lessons uses your device's speech engine, which rarely has a native African voice. Treat it as a rough guide and trust the written pronunciation hints and the coach instead.